How Does A Classroom Affect Learning And Student Success?

Does a classroom truly impact learning and student success? Absolutely, the classroom environment significantly influences the learning process and student outcomes. A well-designed learning space fosters engagement, collaboration, and a positive learning experience. Discover the profound effects of classroom design on academic performance with insights from LEARNS.EDU.VN, enhancing student achievement through strategic space optimization, promoting collaboration, and embracing innovative educational practices.

1. What Role Does Classroom Design Play In Student Learning?

Classroom design plays a crucial role in student learning by influencing engagement, collaboration, and overall academic performance. According to research by Harvey & Kenyon (2013), classrooms designed as active learning spaces, with movable furniture that encourages student interaction, can significantly promote collaborative and experiential learning.

  • Active Learning Spaces: Flexible seating arrangements enable students to engage in group work and discussions, fostering a more interactive learning environment.
  • Perception and Engagement: The physical space directs attention, affecting students’ readiness to engage. Auditoriums may be perceived as passive spaces, while circular arrangements promote discussion (Hodges, 2018).
  • Removing Barriers: Eliminating physical barriers between students and instructors increases interaction and encourages a dynamic class environment (Rands & Gansemer-Topf, 2017).

2. How Does Classroom Setup Impact Student Engagement?

Classroom setup significantly impacts student engagement by promoting interaction, collaboration, and a sense of ownership. When classrooms are arranged to facilitate active learning, students are more likely to participate and feel connected to the learning process.

  • Grouped Tables vs. Rows: In classrooms with grouped tables, instructors can move freely to assist students, encouraging participation and engagement. Students feel more involved when they have their “own” space, such as a group table.
  • Active Learning Strategies: Active learning classroom arrangements enable instructors to easily implement strategies such as group work, think-pair-share, and peer instruction, leading to greater engagement and knowledge transfer.
  • Movable Seating: Simple tools like movable seating allow students to group together easily for collaborative work, enhancing their learning experience.

3. What Are The Benefits Of Active Learning Spaces In Classrooms?

Active learning spaces in classrooms offer numerous benefits, including improved student performance, increased engagement, and better knowledge retention. Studies have shown that students in active learning spaces outperform those in traditional classrooms when the same course is taught in both settings (Hodges, 2018).

  • Enhanced Performance: Active learning environments facilitate better knowledge transfer and understanding.
  • Increased Engagement: Students are more likely to participate and collaborate in active learning settings, leading to a more dynamic and engaging classroom experience.
  • Simple Tools: Integrating simple tools such as whiteboards and movable chairs can support active learning approaches without requiring high-cost technologies or redesigns (Rands & Gansemer-Topf, 2017).

4. How Can Movable Chairs And Tables Promote Collaborative Learning?

Movable chairs and tables promote collaborative learning by enabling students to easily form groups and engage in interactive discussions. This flexibility fosters a sense of community and encourages students to work together to solve problems and share ideas.

  • Easy Group Formation: Movable furniture allows students to quickly rearrange the classroom to suit different activities, such as group projects or debates.
  • Interactive Discussions: Students can sit face-to-face, promoting better communication and collaboration during discussions.
  • Experiential Learning: Flexible arrangements support hands-on activities and experiential learning, enhancing understanding and retention.

5. How Does The Physical Space Of A Classroom Affect Students’ Perceptions?

The physical space of a classroom significantly affects students’ perceptions and their readiness to engage in the class. Different arrangements can evoke different feelings and expectations, influencing how students approach the learning process.

  • Auditoriums vs. Circles: Auditoriums and lecture halls are often perceived as passive spaces where students are expected to listen without interacting. In contrast, sitting in circles directs attention toward fellow students, fostering discussions and collaboration (Hodges, 2018).
  • Attention and Engagement: The way space directs attention influences students’ perceptions and their willingness to participate in class activities.
  • Instructor-Student Interaction: Removing physical barriers between students and instructors increases interaction and encourages a more active class dynamic (Rands & Gansemer-Topf, 2017).

6. What Impact Does Removing Physical Barriers Have On Classroom Dynamics?

Removing physical barriers between students and instructors has a positive impact on classroom dynamics by increasing interaction and encouraging a more active and engaging learning environment.

  • Increased Interaction: When instructors can move around freely and interact with students, it fosters a sense of connection and encourages participation.
  • Active Class Dynamic: Open classroom layouts promote a dynamic environment where students feel comfortable asking questions and sharing ideas.
  • Enhanced Engagement: Students are more likely to engage in class activities when they feel a sense of connection with their instructor and peers.

7. How Do Grouped Tables Encourage Student Participation In The Classroom?

Grouped tables encourage student participation in the classroom by providing a collaborative space where students feel comfortable sharing ideas and working together.

  • Collaborative Space: Grouped tables create a sense of community and encourage students to work together on projects and assignments.
  • Instructor Accessibility: Instructors can easily move around to answer questions and provide guidance, fostering a supportive learning environment.
  • Sense of Ownership: Students feel more engaged when they have their “own” space, such as a group table, where they can collaborate and learn together.

8. What Active Learning Strategies Can Be Implemented In A Classroom?

Active learning strategies that can be implemented in a classroom include group work, think-pair-share, and peer instruction, all of which encourage greater engagement and better transfer of knowledge.

  • Group Work: Students collaborate on projects and assignments, fostering teamwork and problem-solving skills.
  • Think-Pair-Share: Students think individually about a question, pair up to discuss their ideas, and then share their thoughts with the class.
  • Peer Instruction: Students teach each other concepts, reinforcing their understanding and promoting active participation.

9. Why Is The Integration Of Simple Tools Important In Active Learning Spaces?

The integration of simple tools like whiteboards and movable chairs is important in active learning spaces because they support active learning approaches without requiring expensive technologies or extensive redesigns.

  • Cost-Effective: Simple tools are affordable and easy to implement, making active learning accessible to a wider range of classrooms.
  • Flexibility: Movable furniture and whiteboards allow instructors to easily adapt the classroom to different activities and learning styles.
  • Accessibility: These tools are readily available in many classrooms, making it easy for instructors to incorporate active learning strategies into their teaching.

10. What Is The Impact Of Classroom Acoustics On Student Learning?

Classroom acoustics significantly impact student learning by affecting speech intelligibility and creating a more conducive environment for concentration and understanding.

  • Improved Speech Intelligibility: Good acoustics ensure that students can clearly hear the instructor, reducing the need to strain and improving comprehension.
  • Reduced Distractions: Proper acoustic design minimizes background noise and reverberation, creating a quieter and more focused learning environment.
  • Enhanced Engagement: When students can hear and understand the material being presented, they are more likely to stay engaged and participate in class activities.

11. How Does Natural Lighting In A Classroom Affect Student Performance?

Natural lighting in a classroom positively affects student performance by improving mood, reducing eye strain, and enhancing overall well-being, leading to better concentration and academic outcomes.

  • Improved Mood: Natural light boosts serotonin levels, which can improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.
  • Reduced Eye Strain: Natural light is gentler on the eyes compared to artificial light, reducing eye strain and fatigue.
  • Enhanced Well-being: Exposure to natural light can improve sleep patterns and overall health, leading to better concentration and academic performance.

12. What Role Does Classroom Color Play In Student Learning?

Classroom color plays a significant role in student learning by influencing mood, focus, and overall learning environment. Different colors can evoke different emotions and affect cognitive functions.

  • Blue: Promotes calmness and concentration, suitable for study areas.
  • Green: Associated with nature and tranquility, good for reducing stress.
  • Yellow: Stimulates creativity and energy, best used sparingly to avoid overstimulation.
  • Red: Can increase energy levels but may also lead to anxiety; use in moderation.

13. How Does Classroom Organization Affect Student Behavior?

Classroom organization affects student behavior by creating a structured and predictable environment that reduces distractions and promotes a sense of order and discipline.

  • Clear Pathways: Organized classrooms with clear pathways minimize disruptions and allow students to move around easily.
  • Designated Areas: Clearly defined areas for different activities, such as reading corners or group work stations, help students understand expectations and stay focused.
  • Reduced Clutter: Minimizing clutter reduces distractions and creates a more calming and conducive learning environment.

14. What Is The Importance Of Incorporating Technology In Classroom Design?

Incorporating technology in classroom design is crucial for enhancing engagement, providing access to resources, and preparing students for the digital world.

  • Interactive Whiteboards: Interactive whiteboards facilitate dynamic lessons and collaborative activities.
  • Digital Devices: Tablets and laptops provide students with access to a wealth of information and learning tools.
  • Online Resources: Technology enables access to online resources, virtual field trips, and remote learning opportunities.

15. How Can Biophilic Design Improve The Classroom Environment?

Biophilic design, which incorporates natural elements into the classroom, can improve the learning environment by reducing stress, enhancing creativity, and promoting a sense of well-being.

  • Indoor Plants: Plants improve air quality and add a touch of nature to the classroom, reducing stress and improving mood.
  • Natural Materials: Using natural materials such as wood and stone can create a more calming and inviting environment.
  • Views of Nature: Providing views of nature through windows can reduce stress and improve concentration.

16. What Are The Benefits Of Flexible Seating Options In The Classroom?

Flexible seating options in the classroom offer numerous benefits, including increased student engagement, improved focus, and enhanced collaboration.

  • Increased Engagement: Flexible seating allows students to choose seating options that best suit their learning style, leading to greater engagement and participation.
  • Improved Focus: Students can find a seating arrangement that minimizes distractions and helps them stay focused on the task at hand.
  • Enhanced Collaboration: Flexible seating facilitates group work and discussions, promoting collaboration and teamwork.

17. How Does Personalizing The Classroom Improve Student Outcomes?

Personalizing the classroom improves student outcomes by creating a sense of belonging and ownership, fostering a more positive and supportive learning environment.

  • Student Work Displays: Displaying student work celebrates their achievements and creates a sense of pride.
  • Personalized Learning Spaces: Allowing students to personalize their learning spaces with photos and mementos can create a more comfortable and inviting environment.
  • Culturally Responsive Design: Incorporating elements that reflect students’ cultural backgrounds can foster a sense of belonging and inclusion.

18. What Is The Role Of Sensory Elements In Classroom Design?

Sensory elements in classroom design play a crucial role in creating a multi-sensory learning environment that caters to different learning styles and enhances engagement.

  • Visual Aids: Colorful posters, charts, and diagrams can help students visualize concepts and improve understanding.
  • Auditory Elements: Music, sound effects, and audio recordings can enhance learning and create a more immersive experience.
  • Tactile Materials: Hands-on materials such as blocks, puzzles, and art supplies can engage students and promote kinesthetic learning.

19. How Does Classroom Temperature Affect Student Learning?

Classroom temperature can significantly affect student learning, with optimal temperatures promoting comfort, focus, and overall well-being.

  • Comfort Levels: Maintaining a comfortable temperature prevents students from feeling too hot or too cold, which can be distracting.
  • Focus and Concentration: Optimal temperatures promote alertness and concentration, leading to better academic performance.
  • Health and Well-being: Proper temperature control can reduce the risk of illness and promote overall health and well-being.

20. What Is The Importance Of Creating A Calm And Relaxing Classroom Environment?

Creating a calm and relaxing classroom environment is essential for reducing stress, promoting focus, and enhancing overall well-being, leading to improved academic outcomes.

  • Stress Reduction: A calm environment can reduce anxiety and stress, allowing students to focus on learning.
  • Improved Focus: Minimal distractions and a peaceful atmosphere can improve concentration and attention span.
  • Enhanced Well-being: A relaxing environment promotes a sense of comfort and security, leading to better overall well-being.

21. How Can Multi-Purpose Spaces Enhance The Learning Experience?

Multi-purpose spaces enhance the learning experience by providing flexibility and adaptability, allowing for a variety of activities and learning styles within the same classroom.

  • Adaptability: Multi-purpose spaces can be easily reconfigured to accommodate different activities, such as group work, individual study, or presentations.
  • Flexibility: These spaces support a variety of learning styles, catering to students who learn best through hands-on activities, visual aids, or collaborative projects.
  • Engagement: By offering diverse learning environments, multi-purpose spaces keep students engaged and motivated.

22. What Strategies Can Be Used To Minimize Classroom Distractions?

Strategies to minimize classroom distractions include reducing clutter, implementing noise control measures, and creating clear visual boundaries.

  • Reducing Clutter: A well-organized classroom with minimal clutter reduces visual distractions and promotes a sense of calm.
  • Noise Control: Implementing noise control measures, such as acoustic panels and soft surfaces, can reduce background noise and create a quieter learning environment.
  • Visual Boundaries: Creating clear visual boundaries between different learning areas can help students stay focused on the task at hand.

23. How Does Universal Design For Learning (UDL) Principles Apply To Classroom Design?

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles apply to classroom design by ensuring that the learning environment is accessible and inclusive for all students, regardless of their abilities or learning styles.

  • Multiple Means of Representation: Providing information in multiple formats, such as visual, auditory, and tactile, ensures that all students can access and understand the material.
  • Multiple Means of Action and Expression: Allowing students to demonstrate their knowledge in different ways, such as through writing, speaking, or creating, caters to different learning styles and abilities.
  • Multiple Means of Engagement: Providing options for engagement, such as choice-based activities and collaborative projects, keeps students motivated and involved in the learning process.

24. What Is The Impact Of Color Psychology On Classroom Design?

The impact of color psychology on classroom design is significant, as different colors can evoke different emotions and affect cognitive functions.

  • Calming Colors: Blue and green promote calmness and concentration, making them suitable for study areas.
  • Stimulating Colors: Yellow and orange can stimulate creativity and energy, but should be used sparingly to avoid overstimulation.
  • Neutral Colors: White and gray provide a clean and uncluttered backdrop, allowing other elements of the classroom to stand out.

25. How Can We Encourage A Sense Of Community Through Classroom Design?

We can encourage a sense of community through classroom design by creating spaces that foster collaboration, communication, and a sense of belonging.

  • Community Circles: Arranging seating in a circle or semi-circle promotes face-to-face interaction and encourages open communication.
  • Shared Spaces: Creating shared spaces, such as reading corners or group work stations, fosters collaboration and teamwork.
  • Personalized Displays: Displaying student work and cultural artifacts celebrates diversity and creates a sense of belonging.

26. What Are The Key Factors To Consider When Designing A Classroom For Students With Special Needs?

Key factors to consider when designing a classroom for students with special needs include accessibility, sensory considerations, and individualized learning spaces.

  • Accessibility: Ensuring that the classroom is accessible to all students, regardless of their physical abilities, is crucial.
  • Sensory Considerations: Addressing sensory sensitivities by providing quiet areas, reducing visual and auditory distractions, and offering sensory tools can create a more comfortable learning environment.
  • Individualized Learning Spaces: Creating individualized learning spaces that cater to students’ unique needs and learning styles can promote engagement and success.

27. How Does Outdoor Learning Spaces Benefit Students?

Outdoor learning spaces benefit students by providing opportunities for hands-on learning, physical activity, and connection with nature.

  • Hands-On Learning: Outdoor spaces allow students to engage in hands-on activities, such as gardening, nature walks, and science experiments.
  • Physical Activity: Outdoor spaces encourage physical activity, which can improve health, focus, and overall well-being.
  • Connection with Nature: Spending time in nature can reduce stress, improve mood, and foster a sense of environmental stewardship.

28. What Is The Role Of Soundproofing In Classroom Design?

The role of soundproofing in classroom design is to minimize external noise and reduce reverberation, creating a quieter and more focused learning environment.

  • Reduced Distractions: Soundproofing can reduce distractions from outside noise, such as traffic and construction, allowing students to concentrate on their work.
  • Improved Speech Intelligibility: Soundproofing can improve speech intelligibility by reducing reverberation and echo, making it easier for students to hear and understand the instructor.
  • Enhanced Learning: By creating a quieter and more focused learning environment, soundproofing can enhance learning and improve academic outcomes.

29. How Does The Arrangement Of Desks And Seating Affect Classroom Management?

The arrangement of desks and seating significantly affects classroom management by influencing student behavior, interaction, and engagement.

  • Traditional Rows: Traditional rows can promote individual work and minimize distractions, but may limit interaction and collaboration.
  • Grouped Tables: Grouped tables encourage collaboration and communication, but may require more active management to prevent off-task behavior.
  • Flexible Seating: Flexible seating allows students to choose seating options that best suit their learning style, but may require clear expectations and guidelines to ensure appropriate behavior.

30. What Are The Best Practices For Organizing A Classroom Library?

Best practices for organizing a classroom library include categorizing books by genre or reading level, creating a comfortable reading area, and promoting student involvement in library maintenance.

  • Categorization: Categorizing books by genre or reading level makes it easier for students to find books that interest them and match their reading abilities.
  • Comfortable Reading Area: Creating a comfortable reading area with soft seating, good lighting, and a variety of reading materials encourages students to spend time reading.
  • Student Involvement: Involving students in library maintenance, such as shelving books and creating displays, fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility.

31. How Does Creating Different Zones Within A Classroom Benefit Students?

Creating different zones within a classroom benefits students by providing diverse learning environments that cater to different activities, learning styles, and needs.

  • Reading Zone: A cozy and quiet space dedicated to reading, equipped with comfortable seating and a variety of books.
  • Collaboration Zone: A flexible space designed for group work and discussions, with movable tables and chairs.
  • Individual Work Zone: A quiet and distraction-free space for focused individual study, with desks or carrels.
  • Technology Zone: A space equipped with computers, tablets, and other technology for digital learning activities.

32. What Role Do Visual Aids Play In Enhancing The Classroom Environment?

Visual aids play a crucial role in enhancing the classroom environment by providing students with visual support for learning, making abstract concepts more concrete, and engaging different learning styles.

  • Posters and Charts: Colorful posters and charts can illustrate key concepts, provide visual reminders, and decorate the classroom.
  • Diagrams and Models: Diagrams and models can help students visualize complex processes and relationships.
  • Interactive Whiteboards: Interactive whiteboards facilitate dynamic lessons and collaborative activities, engaging students in a multi-sensory learning experience.

33. How Can We Make The Classroom Environment More Culturally Inclusive?

We can make the classroom environment more culturally inclusive by incorporating diverse perspectives, materials, and activities that reflect the cultural backgrounds of all students.

  • Diverse Materials: Including books, posters, and other materials that represent a variety of cultures, ethnicities, and perspectives.
  • Culturally Responsive Activities: Designing activities that incorporate students’ cultural backgrounds and experiences.
  • Celebrating Diversity: Celebrating cultural holidays and events in the classroom.

34. What Are Some Low-Cost Ways To Improve Classroom Design?

Some low-cost ways to improve classroom design include rearranging furniture, adding plants, using colorful paint, and incorporating student artwork.

  • Rearranging Furniture: Rearranging furniture can create new learning zones and improve traffic flow without spending any money.
  • Adding Plants: Adding plants can improve air quality and create a more calming and inviting environment at a minimal cost.
  • Colorful Paint: Using colorful paint can brighten up the classroom and create a more stimulating learning environment.
  • Student Artwork: Incorporating student artwork can personalize the classroom and celebrate student achievements.

35. How Does The Use Of Rugs Affect The Classroom Environment?

The use of rugs affects the classroom environment by providing a soft and comfortable surface, reducing noise, and defining different learning zones.

  • Comfort and Warmth: Rugs create a cozy and inviting atmosphere, making the classroom feel more comfortable and welcoming.
  • Noise Reduction: Rugs absorb sound, reducing noise levels and creating a quieter learning environment.
  • Zone Definition: Rugs can be used to define different learning zones, such as reading corners or group work areas.

36. What Are The Best Lighting Options For Different Classroom Activities?

The best lighting options for different classroom activities include a combination of natural light, ambient lighting, task lighting, and accent lighting.

  • Natural Light: Maximizing natural light is ideal for general classroom activities, as it improves mood and reduces eye strain.
  • Ambient Lighting: Providing a soft and even level of ambient lighting creates a comfortable and inviting environment.
  • Task Lighting: Using task lighting, such as desk lamps, for individual work areas provides focused illumination and reduces eye strain.
  • Accent Lighting: Adding accent lighting, such as spotlights, can highlight displays and create visual interest.

37. How Can We Create A More Sustainable Classroom Environment?

We can create a more sustainable classroom environment by reducing waste, conserving energy, and using eco-friendly materials.

  • Reducing Waste: Implementing recycling programs, using reusable materials, and reducing paper consumption.
  • Conserving Energy: Using energy-efficient lighting, adjusting thermostats, and turning off electronic devices when not in use.
  • Eco-Friendly Materials: Choosing eco-friendly materials for furniture, supplies, and decorations.

38. What Are The Psychological Effects Of A Well-Designed Classroom?

The psychological effects of a well-designed classroom include increased motivation, improved focus, reduced stress, and enhanced overall well-being.

  • Increased Motivation: A well-designed classroom can inspire students and increase their motivation to learn.
  • Improved Focus: A comfortable and distraction-free environment can improve concentration and attention span.
  • Reduced Stress: A calming and inviting classroom can reduce stress and anxiety, creating a more positive learning experience.
  • Enhanced Well-being: A well-designed classroom can promote a sense of comfort, security, and belonging, enhancing overall well-being.

39. How Does The Classroom Environment Impact Teachers As Well As Students?

The classroom environment impacts teachers as well as students by affecting their well-being, motivation, and ability to effectively teach and learn.

  • Teacher Well-being: A well-designed classroom can reduce teacher stress, improve job satisfaction, and enhance their overall well-being.
  • Teacher Motivation: A comfortable and functional classroom can increase teacher motivation and enthusiasm for teaching.
  • Effective Teaching: A well-organized and equipped classroom can facilitate effective teaching and learning, allowing teachers to deliver engaging and impactful lessons.

40. What Are The Emerging Trends In Classroom Design?

Emerging trends in classroom design include flexible learning spaces, technology integration, biophilic design, and personalized learning environments.

  • Flexible Learning Spaces: Creating adaptable and multi-purpose spaces that can be easily reconfigured to support different activities and learning styles.
  • Technology Integration: Incorporating technology seamlessly into the classroom to enhance engagement, access resources, and prepare students for the digital world.
  • Biophilic Design: Integrating natural elements into the classroom to reduce stress, enhance creativity, and promote a sense of well-being.
  • Personalized Learning Environments: Creating learning spaces that cater to students’ individual needs, interests, and learning styles.

At LEARNS.EDU.VN, we understand the significance of creating optimal learning environments. Our platform offers a wealth of resources, from detailed guides to expert insights, to help educators and students alike maximize the potential of their learning spaces. Whether you’re seeking innovative teaching methods or strategies for enhancing student engagement, you’ll find valuable tools and information to support your educational journey.

Unlock your full potential with learns.edu.vn. Visit our website today to explore courses and articles designed to transform your learning experience. Contact us at 123 Education Way, Learnville, CA 90210, United States, or reach out via WhatsApp at +1 555-555-1212. Start your journey towards academic success now!

FAQ: Classroom Environment and Learning

1. How does classroom design affect student learning outcomes?
Classroom design significantly impacts student learning outcomes by influencing engagement, collaboration, and overall academic performance. Flexible seating and active learning spaces can enhance student interaction and knowledge retention.

2. What are the key elements of an effective classroom layout?
Key elements include flexible seating, clear pathways, designated learning zones, good acoustics, natural lighting, and a clutter-free environment that fosters engagement and focus.

3. Can classroom acoustics really make a difference in learning?
Yes, classroom acoustics play a crucial role. Good acoustics ensure that students can clearly hear the instructor, reducing the need to strain and improving comprehension, ultimately enhancing learning.

4. How does natural light impact student focus and mood?
Natural light improves mood, reduces eye strain, and enhances overall well-being, leading to better concentration and academic outcomes. It boosts serotonin levels, promoting a positive learning environment.

5. What are some low-cost ways to improve classroom design?
Low-cost methods include rearranging furniture, adding plants, using colorful paint, incorporating student artwork, and creating designated learning zones to enhance the learning environment.

6. How does color psychology influence classroom design choices?
Color psychology influences classroom design by evoking specific emotions and affecting cognitive functions. Blue and green promote calmness, while yellow can stimulate creativity when used sparingly.

7. Why is it important to incorporate technology into classroom design?
Incorporating technology enhances engagement, provides access to resources, and prepares students for the digital world. Interactive whiteboards and digital devices facilitate dynamic lessons and collaborative activities.

8. How do flexible seating options enhance student engagement?
Flexible seating options increase student engagement by allowing students to choose seating arrangements that best suit their learning style, leading to greater participation and improved focus.

9. What is the role of sensory elements in classroom design for students with special needs?
Sensory elements create a multi-sensory learning environment that caters to different learning styles and enhances engagement. Addressing sensory sensitivities can create a more comfortable and effective learning environment.

10. How can a well-designed classroom environment improve teacher well-being and effectiveness?
A well-designed classroom reduces teacher stress, improves job satisfaction, and enhances their overall well-being. A comfortable and functional classroom can increase teacher motivation and enthusiasm for teaching.

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