Learning how to become a hacker involves developing a unique skill-based superpower that can be applied for both constructive and destructive purposes. If you’re eager to master hacking, this comprehensive guide, brought to you by LEARNS.EDU.VN, outlines the necessary steps and skills to begin your journey. Discover how to start learning to be a hacker, acquire essential knowledge, and effectively apply your skills.
1. What Exactly Is Hacking?
The conventional definition of hacking describes it as exploiting vulnerabilities within computer systems, digital devices, or networks to gain unauthorized system and data access. However, the real essence of hacking goes beyond a mere definition.
It represents both a technical discipline and a mindset, demanding creative, unconventional thinking, and resilience when facing evolving and unforeseen challenges. For example, what happens when following a standard route to expose a flaw or vulnerability yields no results? What strategies can one use to avoid detection after successfully infiltrating a secure system? Moreover, how can defensive measures be enhanced for the targeted system being hacked?
This unconventional mindset is applicable to different forms of hacking, which may include physical security assessments (testing the security of a physical location) and social engineering (exploiting human vulnerabilities and errors). According to a study by the University of Tartu in 2023, hackers must also understand the ethical implications of their work to ensure they contribute positively to cybersecurity.
1.1. Ethical Hacking Versus Unethical Hacking
Hacking is often portrayed as a harmful activity carried out by tech-savvy individuals wearing hoodies. However, this depiction is inaccurate. At LEARNS.EDU.VN, we promote ethical hacking, which is similar to a technical superpower utilized for the greater good: protecting modern infrastructure and individuals.
Before an infiltration, ethical hacking requires the business’s knowledge and permission. It entails identifying weaknesses before malicious actors do and correcting any flaws before they can be exploited by unethical hackers. Haris Pylarinos, CEO of Hack The Box, emphasizes that ethical hackers help businesses stay protected by proactively simulating attacks to reveal and improve vulnerabilities. This approach, guided by a clear set of ethical guidelines, distinguishes security professionals from cybercriminals, providing businesses with confidence in hiring hackers for protection.
Related read: Best entry-level cybersecurity jobs for aspiring hackers.
Organizations employ ethical hackers, often referred to as penetration testers, to proactively simulate attacks on their networks, devices, software, users, and applications—essentially, anything that could potentially expose them. This proactive approach enables them to stay one step ahead of nefarious hackers by identifying and addressing weaknesses.
1.2. Different Categories of Hackers
Hacking is neither inherently “good” nor “bad.” Much like the internet or any digital device, its purpose depends on the user’s intentions. Therefore, hackers are generally categorized based on their intentions:
- White Hat Hackers: Frequently referred to as the “good guys,” white hat or ethical hackers strengthen security by assessing computer systems, networks, infrastructures, or applications to uncover vulnerabilities and security flaws that may be missed by developers or other security professionals.
- Script Kiddies: These are low-skill hackers who use scripts or programs developed by others to launch attacks without truly understanding how they work. They use pre-made exploit kits or separate programs because they lack the ability to write malicious tools themselves. Their motives are usually personal, such as impressing friends, seeking revenge, or for entertainment.
- Black Hat Hackers: Cybercriminals who break into networks and systems with malicious intent. An infamous example is Kevin Mitnick, who famously hacked into large organizations such as IBM, Motorola, and the U.S. National Defense system.
- Gray Hat Hackers: These hackers fall between white and black hat hackers. Although their intentions are usually good, their actions are often illegal because they involve infiltrating systems and networks without authorization.
- Fun Fact: These terms are inspired by Western films, where heroes wore white hats and villains wore black hats.
2. Is Learning How To Hack Something Anyone Can Do?
The quick response is that, yes, with enough time, the correct attitude, and dedication to the task, almost everyone can learn how to hack. We have seen stories in the community of diligent individuals who, despite lacking formal technical training, became interested in hacking and are now compensated to hack ethically and professionally.
That being said, certain traits common among successful hackers can indicate how much pleasure you’ll get from learning how to hack:
- A Passion for Problem-Solving: Although a college degree or certification from a reputable training program will undoubtedly assist you in gaining the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to work as a pentester, a great hacker is first and foremost a tenacious problem-solver.
- The Ability to Think Outside the Box: To defend against an attacker, you must think and act like one. This necessitates the ability to respect and go beyond conventional procedures like scanning for known vulnerabilities and firewall inspections.
- A Love of Learning: The majority of professional hackers I know enjoy learning, which makes sense given how rapidly the digital world is evolving. And that’s one of the numerous advantages of learning how to hack: there are always new hardware, software, concepts, and vulnerabilities to investigate. You have the option to specialize, improve your skills, or pursue a career in any area you choose because professional hackers and penetration testers are in extremely high demand. According to a 2024 report by Cybersecurity Ventures, the demand for cybersecurity professionals is projected to grow by 33% through 2030.
When I first started, there were fewer tools available to the general public than there are now. The majority of our learning took place on internet relay chat forums and from other members of the community. To practice, you also had to set up a hacking lab at home or download your own virtual machine. Nowadays, content and training are more easily accessible with platforms like Hack The Box (HTB) that offer cybersecurity training and upskilling.
3. Where Should Aspiring Hackers Begin?
Beginners should start with the essential cybersecurity skills needed when hacking: networking, scripting, Linux, and Windows. No matter how sophisticated or simple your exploits are, you will always need to use the knowledge and skills from these core fields. Mastering these fundamentals will accelerate your ability to grasp more complex hacking tools, techniques, and concepts.
3.1. Networking
Because most cybersecurity and hacking activities revolve around a network, a solid understanding of networking concepts is essential for aspiring hackers. You can recognize, protect, exploit, and, of course, fix network flaws if you understand how networks are built and how devices communicate. You will be aware of the services running on a server, the ports and protocols they are utilizing, and the behavior of the traffic with this knowledge. According to Cisco’s 2023 Annual Internet Report, global internet traffic is expected to grow at a rate of 26% annually, underscoring the importance of robust network security skills.
Related read: Learn cybersecurity for free.
3.2. Linux
An operating system (OS) is a piece of software that handles every hardware resource connected to a computer. This implies that an OS manages how software and hardware communicate with each other. Learning Linux operating systems is a crucial and unavoidable step in cybersecurity because Linux powers around two-thirds of the world’s servers, including macOS, which is also based on Linux. Linux-based operating systems are used in embedded systems like routers, televisions, video game consoles, desktops, mainframes, and servers. The Linux Foundation reports that over 90% of cloud infrastructure operates on Linux, making it an indispensable skill for hackers.
3.3. Windows
As it is widely used in corporate settings of all sizes, it is important to understand how to use the Windows command line and file system. Hackers frequently need to gain access to a Windows host during penetration testing (or ethical hacking) activities. Furthermore, a large number of servers run on Windows, and the majority of businesses provide their staff with Windows workstations because they are easy to use and can be centrally managed using Active Directory.
3.4. Bash Scripting
A command-line interface language called Bash is used to send instructions and requests to operating systems like Linux. As a hacker, learning how to write bash scripts (a collection of commands) will enable you to use tools and automate tasks, giving you complete control over the Linux OS.
3.5. A Scripting Language (Such as Python)
Python is a useful entry-level programming language for hacking since it is adaptable, reasonably simple to learn, and essential to network and system security. You will use it to:
- Automate tasks
- Write custom scripts
- Scrape data from the web
- Analyze packets and data
- Identify and develop malware
Reminder: We have a welcoming community, so if you have more questions about hacking feel free to ask us directly on Discord.
4. Learning How To Hack From The Beginning: Develop A Strong Training Plan To Improve Learning
If they learn to hack from scratch, the majority of (normal) people won’t grasp all of this new material overnight. Give yourself plenty of time, therefore, to gain a solid understanding of the fundamentals. To continue the magic analogy, don’t merely memorize spells and wave a wand; instead, understand why you’re casting the spell, its strengths and weaknesses, and how to adjust it to any circumstance and target!
This point cannot be emphasized enough; throughout your hacking career, you will repeatedly draw upon this body of knowledge and skills.
Therefore, even though you may be extremely eager to begin exploring the wonderful magic of hacking, I would advise taking some time to create a structured study schedule or plan to master the fundamentals. This will assist you:
- Avoid emotions of overwhelm and burnout.
- Keep track of your journey and assess your progress.
- When learning new skills, overcome the inevitable setbacks and frustrations that are perfectly normal.
Let’s assume you have two hours a day to study; I would suggest spending at least four to eight months on the fundamentals while watching some retired content videos on YT. Give yourself two months for each domain—Networking, Linux, Windows, and Python—plus any scripting, such as bash/powershell (optional), to establish a solid foundation. This practical approach, together with guided cybersecurity courses and practical cybersecurity exercises, guarantees that you’ll start off strong!
4.1. Sample Training Plans To Learn Hacking
Here are two potential training plans from 0xdf and IppSec, two hackers and content creators at HTB. The point of presenting both is to illustrate that there is no one-size-fits-all solution. As you go, find what works for you and adapt!
4.1.1. Ippsec’s Recommendations
- Establish your methodology: Use the guided step-by-step learning, read write-ups (tutorials), or watch videos and work alongside them. Don’t worry about “spoilers” ruining your learning experience, there will always be more challenges and opportunities to learn.
- Validate the methodology: Watch a video in its entirety, then immediately do a challenge. If you are short on time, then divide the machines parts, for example watching up to the user flag and then solving the machine.
- Work on memory retention: Add some time between watching the video and solving the machine. Start off with a few hour break between the video and solving the machine. Eventually, graduate up to waiting a day between. Don’t be afraid to go back and watch the video when you are stuck on a part for 20-30 minutes.
- Make hacking muscle memory: Watch multiple videos but solve the machine yourself days later. Having watched multiple videos or read write-ups before solving the box will really test your skills.
4.1.2. 0xdf’s Recommendations
- Note-taking is key. Writing something down is a great way to lock in information. Create some key sections in a way that works for you. I use markdown files in Typora, but find what works best for you.
- When you first start, you are missing a lot of the information needed to complete a machine. Work alongside write-ups / video solutions, but don’t copy and paste. Type commands in, and make sure you understand what they do. Quiz yourself about what would happen if you changed various arguments in the commands, and then check if you are correct. Record the tools and syntax you learned in your notes for future reference.
- Once you start being able to predict what the write-up author will do next, start working out ahead of the write-up/video. Try the various techniques from your notes, and you may start to see vectors to explore. When you get stuck, go back to the write-up and read/watch up to the point where you’re stuck and get a nudge forward. Make sure to update your notes with the new techniques you’ve learned.
- Over time, you’ll find your notes contain more and more of what you need to explore a box. The secret is to find the balance. The more you practice, the less you want to rely on walkthroughs. That said, even the most talented hackers will often work in teams because anyone can get stuck.
5. How To Learn Hacking With HTB (Step-By-Step)
5.1. Step 0: Commence With Your Immediate Educational Demands
Hack The Box provides a fun, gamified learning environment for millions of hackers worldwide, ranging from total beginners to seasoned cybersecurity experts. You can begin by learning the basics, then move on to real-world training that forces you to compromise realistic settings, take part in Capture The Flag competitions, and even secure your first cybersecurity job. (I landed my first ethical hacking position because of my HTB ranking.)
But, considering all of the options available to us, where should you begin?
- HTB Academy: The Academy will bring you up to speed with thorough step-by-step training on a range of hacking abilities and topics if you’re starting from scratch. Thus, the Academy will provide you with guided theoretical training and engaging exercises on live targets to reinforce your skills if, for example, you have no prior knowledge of networking or want to master a specific network reconnaissance tool like Nmap.
- HTB Labs: Use a vast array of hackable environments that replicate current security flaws and misconfigurations to test, develop, and demonstrate your practical skills. To guarantee that the content is always up-to-date and the fun never stops, new labs are added every week. Players can learn every one of the newest attack strategies and exploitation methods. Use the Starting Point Labs to get acquainted with our platform and the Machines it contains if you’re unfamiliar with HTB Labs.
- HTB CTFs: Join forces with other hackers from across the world. Capture the flag events are gamified competitive hacking activities based on various facets or challenges of information security. Since they gamify hacking concepts, they are excellent for seasoned hackers who want to hone, test, and demonstrate their abilities.
5.2. Step 1: Become A Member Of The HTB Community
The core of all we do is our community! We are inherently hackers.
- 1.8M+ Members Around The World
- 195 Countries & Territories
- 3.5k Discord Messages Every Day
- 5.1k Forum Threads – For Any Box
First of all, here is the Community Manifesto, how hackers behave with each other.
We believe in making an inclusive, equal-opportunity, and diverse community. We try our best to provide a safe and happy place to all of our hackers, where the only thing that matters is a passion for cyber!
To enjoy Hack The Box to the fullest, you certainly cannot miss our main communication channels, where the real magic is happening! Join our Discord and forum. We normally disclose the latest updates and new features on Discord first, so…you better be part of it.
Also on Discord, we have targeted channels per topic or skill level. Plus we are the biggest InfoSec Server with more than 200K members from all around the world. Join the discussions, ask any questions, find a study buddy, and get inspired.
HTB Team Tip: Make sure to verify your Discord account. To do that, check the #welcome channel. For the forum, you must already have an active HTB account to join.
Learn more about the HTB Community.
5.3. Step 2: Create Your Own Hacking VM (Or Use Pwnbox)
Let’s begin by setting up your own hacking machine so you can start your hacking adventure with the platform. To be able to play and practice with Hack The Box, it will be a virtual environment running on top of your base operating system. This is the most important step for any aspiring hacker.
By installing one of the following virtualization apps, you can make it quick and easy:
After installing your preferred virtualization software, select your operating system of choice. Here, you can learn everything about Parrot OS.
HTB Team Tip: Always install a stable version!
Are you having difficulties with the installation process, or don’t have the necessary hardware or networking capabilities to run a virtual machine? Don’t give up, there is a solution. The answer is Pwnbox! Pwnbox is a Hack The Box customized ParrotOS VM hosted in the cloud. It can be accessed via any web browser, 24/7. It’s HTB customized and maintained, and you can hack all HTB labs directly.
5.4. Step 3: Go To Our Knowledge Base
We have you covered if you still have questions! For 99.99% of your HTB questions we have an answer and you can find them all in our Knowledge Base. This is a must visit resource for anyone who’s getting started with our platform.
Here are some friendly suggestions for something that might be crucial for you at this point:
5.5. Step 4: Resources, Resources, Resources
Before you dive into hacking, you need to master these must-have tools!
- Nmap: Scan the network like a pro! Add your target IP, range of ports, type of scan and hit enter!
- Recommended: Free Academy Module Network Enumeration with Nmap
- Metasploit: A framework that makes hacking simple. Set your target, pick an exploit and payload and hit run!
- Recommended: HTB Track Pwn With Metasploit
- Curl/Burp: Inspect, modify and interact with web requests like an expert.
- Recommended: Free Academy Module Web Requests
- Ffuf/GoBuster/Seclists: Web application fuzzing to find hidden directories, files and more is a must.
- Recommended: Free Academy Module Attacking Web Applications with Ffuf
- Windows OS: Popular operating system for personal and corporate use. Learn the fundamentals to hack it.
- Recommended: Free Academy Module Windows Fundamentals
- Linux OS: Popular operating system in the security/InfoSec scene but also for many sysadmins.
- Recommended: Free Academy Module Linux Fundamentals
5.6. Step 5: Find A Starting Point
Starting Point is a collection of free, beginner-friendly Machines that are paired with write-ups to give you a solid foundation in cybersecurity and introduce you to the HTB app. You will receive training in operating systems, networking, and all the fascinating aspects of hacking.
5.7. Step 6: Finish The Beginner Track
It’s time for the classics! Pwn the following list of machines, capture the user and root flags, and complete the Beginner Track today! You’ll be feeling like a hacker. You’re almost there!
5.8. Step 7: Study, Study, Study
The Beginner Track was a nice first hands-on taste, right? The best is coming now. There are plenty of additional resources to explore and engage before getting the 100% out of all HTB training.
- Write-ups & Video Walkthroughs
- Active & Retired Boxes
- Other cool Tracks including: Intro to Dante, The Classics, OWASP TOP 10
HTB Team Tip: Start on your own, explore the tools, watch the videos below and then level up your hacking with our subscriptions!
HTB Watch List
Some recommended video walkthroughs to get started:
6. Search Intent
- Definition of Hacking: What exactly does hacking entail?
- Ethical Hacking: How is ethical hacking different from malicious hacking?
- Skills Required for Hacking: What are the fundamental skills required to become a hacker?
- Learning Resources: Where can beginners find reliable resources to learn hacking?
- Training Plans: How should a structured training plan be developed for learning hacking?
7. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
7.1. Is learning how to hack difficult?
Learning how to hack can be challenging but is achievable with dedication, the right resources, and a structured approach. Start with fundamental skills like networking, Linux, and scripting languages such as Python, and gradually advance to more complex topics.
7.2. What are the legal implications of hacking?
Engaging in unauthorized hacking activities is illegal and can result in severe penalties, including fines and imprisonment. It is essential to focus on ethical hacking, which involves obtaining permission before assessing systems for vulnerabilities.
7.3. What is the difference between a white hat, black hat, and gray hat hacker?
White hat hackers (ethical hackers) work to improve security by finding vulnerabilities with permission. Black hat hackers engage in malicious activities for personal gain. Gray hat hackers fall in between, often exposing vulnerabilities without permission but without malicious intent.
7.4. What is the role of certifications in a hacking career?
Certifications such as Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) can validate your skills and knowledge, making you more attractive to employers. While not always required, certifications can significantly enhance your career prospects in the cybersecurity field.
7.5. How important is community support in learning how to hack?
Community support is invaluable. Engaging with online forums, participating in CTF events, and joining cybersecurity communities provide opportunities to learn from others, share knowledge, and stay updated with the latest trends and techniques.
7.6. What are some common tools used by hackers?
Common tools include Nmap (for network scanning), Metasploit (for exploit development), Burp Suite (for web application testing), and Wireshark (for network analysis). Mastering these tools is essential for both ethical and unethical hacking.
7.7. How can I stay updated with the latest hacking techniques and trends?
Staying updated involves continuous learning through blogs, research papers, conferences, and community engagements. Platforms like LEARNS.EDU.VN offer resources and courses to help you keep up with the latest developments in cybersecurity.
7.8. What are the ethical considerations when learning how to hack?
Ethical considerations are paramount. Always obtain explicit permission before testing systems, respect privacy, and avoid causing harm. Ethical hacking is about improving security, not exploiting it for malicious purposes.
7.9. How long does it take to become proficient in hacking?
The time it takes to become proficient varies depending on individual learning speed, dedication, and the complexity of the topics being studied. However, with a structured plan and consistent effort, you can gain a solid foundation in 6-12 months.
7.10. What are some potential career paths for ethical hackers?
Potential career paths include penetration tester, security analyst, cybersecurity consultant, and security engineer. These roles involve assessing and improving the security of systems and networks to protect against cyber threats.
8. Conclusion
Embarking on a journey to learn hacking requires dedication, continuous learning, and a strong commitment to ethical practices. By focusing on fundamental skills, engaging with the community, and utilizing resources like those offered by LEARNS.EDU.VN, you can build a successful and rewarding career in cybersecurity.
Ready to take the next step? Visit LEARNS.EDU.VN today to explore our comprehensive courses and resources tailored to help you master the art of ethical hacking and secure your future in cybersecurity. Whether you’re starting from scratch or looking to enhance your existing skills, LEARNS.EDU.VN provides the tools and guidance you need to succeed. Contact us at 123 Education Way, Learnville, CA 90210, United States or via WhatsApp at +1 555-555-1212. Start your journey with learns.edu.vn and become a proficient and ethical hacker today.
